Field threading and squaring machine



June 30, 1931. H. PARKER '7 FIELD THREADING AND SQUARING MACHINE' FiledSept. 21, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 30, 1931. PARKER FIELD THREADINGAND SQUARING MACHINE Filed Sept. 21, 1926 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Julie 30,1931. I PARKER 1,811,893

FIELD THREADING AND SQUARING MACHINE Filed Sept. 21, 1926. 5Sheets-Sheet s June 30, 1931.

H. PARKER 1,811,893

FIELD THREADI'NG AND SQUARING MACHINE Filed Sept. 21, 1926 5Sheets-Sheet 4 v II Q curacy of performance.

Patented June 30,1931

UNITED stares HOWARD PARKER, 01 BERLIN, NE'W HAMPSHIRE, ASfiIG-NOR TOBROWN COMPANY" OF BERLIN, NEH] E-IAlZEQE-i muses r Price FIELD THREADINGAND SQUARIL'NG MACHINE Application filed September 21, 1928. Serial No.136,784.

This invention relates to mechanism for machining the ends of tubes, themechanism being characterized by its relative lightness of weight,compactness of structure, and ac- It has the added advantage of beingcomposed of simple parts which are easily made, so that the cost of thecomplete machine is relatively low.

WVhile the machine hereinafter described which is an embodiment of myinvention is capable of operating on a wide range of materials, it isparticularly designed for use with conduit tubes which are constructedof fibrous material such as intertelted cellulosic fibers which may beshaped into tubular. form by any suitable process and impregnated with asuitable saturant of asphaltic or equivalent compound. Such tubes mayfor examplebe made by pro-v gressively depositing a sheet of wood pulpon the cylinder of a paper machine, then rolling up the wet sheet ofpulp upon itself under pressure to form a unitary homogeneous structureof interfelted fibers which when dried and impregnated with a suitablesaturant, results in a product which is light and strong and isadmirably adapted for use as conduits in many lines of work. In order tolay tight conduits oi indefinite length, the ends of successive tubes orlengths must be secured together with tight joints. One method ofaccomplishing this is to thread the ends of the individual lengths ofconduit and. to provide internally threaded couplings to fit thereover.In order to provide against gaps or fissures between adjacent ends ofconsecutive lengths the ends of the tubes are carefully squared ofi" sothat when screwed into a coupling they will abut tightly all the wayaround and will form a substantially unbroken interior surface in theconduit. It is likewise desirable in most cases that the interiorsurfaces of successive tubes or lengths or" conduit be accuratelyaligned to avoid the shoulders on the interior surface of the conduitwhich would be formed by abutting ends of the tubes if offset byinaccurate centering. The cutting of threads within the couplings andthe which may be far removed from the mill, it

is necessary to use an odd length, as for example when a bend in theconduit must come at a certain point. A tube can be easily sawed off tothe correct length, but it has heretofore been practically impossible tomake'a suitable thread on the cut end without sending the piece back totne mill. As this involved prohibitive waste of time and money, themachine embodying the present invention was evolved to provide portablemeans for threading and squaring the ends of such tubes. It is alsoadapted to operate with equal facility on. straight l ngths ofconduitor. on bends or irregular pieces such as ,T-joints. The machine iscompactly built so as tobe stowed with tools and accessories inarelatively small chest which-is adapted to be used as a bench to supportthe machine when the latter, is secured by convenient, fastening meanson top 7 of the cover thereof. 1

Further advantageous features of construction will'appear from thedescription of the machine which follows, and from,

section on the line 7-7 or" igure 9 is a section on" the line 99 ofF1gure 2.

Figure 10 is a section on the line 101O of Figure 9.

Figure 11 is a section on the line 11-11 of Figure 2.

Figure 12 is a plan view of the cutting head showing squaring tool inoperative position.

Figure 13 is a plan View of the cutting head thread tool in operativeposition.

Figure 14: is a side elevation partly in section of the chuck-expandingmechanism.

Figure 15 is a section on the line 1515 of Figure 3.

Figures 16 and 17 are sections on the lines 16 16 and 1717 of Figure 14.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the machine comprises, generallyspeaking, a non-rotatable chuck 30 adapted to fit inside the end of atube 31 which is to be either squared or threaded and to hold it infixed position, and a tool carriage 3:2 mounted to be revolved about thework and to be fed longitudinally of the work as by a threaded shaft 33which is rotated by suitable gearing enclosed in housing 34-. By holdingthe end of the work fixed and revolving the tool around it, the machinecan operate on conduits of any shape, such as bends.

Cutting head The cutting head comprises a block 35 adapted to slide onan arm 36 which is provided with an undercut longitudinal groove 37 Abolt 38 is provided with an elongated head 39 fitted to slide in theundercut portion of the groove 37. This bolt extends through the blockand cooperates with a nut 10 to clamp the block 35 in iongitudinallyadjusted position on the arm 36. The arm 36 is provided with acounterweight portion 41 and central bosses a2, 43 forming a hub memberby which it is mounted for rotation on a quill 4 1 fixed in the standard45 as by a set screw 46. Keyed to the boss 43 is a gear 47 which mesheswith a gear 18 (Figure 9), the latter being keyed to a shaft 49 whichmay be turned by a hand crank 50. Rotation of the gears 48 and 47 willthus swing the arm 36 around the quill le which is aligned with the axisof the interior surface of the work so that the path of the cutting toolcarried by the cutting head describes a circle concentric with saidaxis. Thus the threads cut on tubes with this machine will be accuratelycentered with the interior surfaces of the tubes so that the latter willbe aligned when the ends are joined in a threaded coupling and will haveno shoulders resulting from offset ends. In order to gauge the diameterof the path of the cutting tool, a micrometer limit stop is adjustablysecured to the counterweight portion 41 of the arm 36 and may beused todetermine the position of adjustment of the block 35 on the arm 36(Figure 11). This limit stop comprises a bar 51 on a face of which isformed a series of teeth 52 adapted to interfit *ith complementary teeth53 formed on the counterweight 41 (Figure 2). These teeth are preferablycut so as to be exactly from crest to crest. hence an adjustment of thebar 51 by the distance of one tooth will adjust the cutting head tooperate on a tube of greater or less diameter. The bar 51 is adapted tobe securely held in a groove in a lug 54 formed on the counterweight 41,suitable bolts 55,

'56 being set into the lug 54 so that their heads overlap the bar 51 andclamp the same securely in the groove of the-lug 54. The opposite end ofthe bar 51 is threaded as at 57, a micrometer head 58 being rotatablethereon for fine adjustment of the cutting head. To adjust the cuttinghead radially of the work, the nut 40 is loosened, thus allowing thecutting head to slide along the arm 36. The bar 51 and micrometer head58 being adjusted to the desired position, the cutting head is slid downuntil stopped by the head 58 whereupon the nut i0 is set up tight toclamp the block to the arm 36 and secure the head in position.

The cutting head also comprises a square stud 59 which is secured in theblock 35 and as shown extends out at right angles thereto, that is,parallel to the axis of the work. On this stud 59 tool carriage 32 isadapted to slide longitudinally of the work,

eing fed therealong by the automatically rotated threaded feed shaft33'when a thread is being cut, or by a hand-operated feed device 60which is turned when the end of the work is being squared. If a taperedthreaded end on the work is desired, the stud 59 should be mountedobliquely soas to diverge from the axis of the work. Although forsimplicity and strength the stud is shown as mounted at a definite fixedangle to the plane of rotation, it is obvious that its mounting could bereadily made adjustable so as to change the angle as desired.

Tool carriage The tool carriage 32 which slides on the stud 59 comprisesa channeled block 61, the channel of which is formed to receive the stud59 and to bear against three faces thereof. As is illustrated in Figuresl and 6, a split nut is fitted into the channel of the block 61, andcomprises two members 63, 64 between which the feed shaft 33 isreceived. The lower member 63 of the nut is fixed within the channel asby screws 65 and bears against the fourth face of the stud 59. The uppermember 64 is retained in the channel as by pins 66, 67 which engage intransverse grooves on the upper face of the no member 64 and passthrough pairs of cars on the side of the block 61.

660, 670 formed on the block 61. The pin 67 is provided with a handle 68by which it may be rotated. The central portion of this pin whichengages the member 64 is cut away to form a recessed face 671. Themembers 63 64 of the split nut are shaped to receive the feed shaft 33between them, but only a short length of the member is threaded, as at69, to engage the threads of the shaft 33, the member 63 not beino'threaded at all. The threaded portion or the member 64 is at the endremote from tae pin 66 and is adapted to be swung out of engagement withthe thread of the shaft 33 when the member 64 is rocked about the pin 66as a pivot, as in Figure 5. Compresion springs 630 are set into themember 63 and tend to press the member 64: out of engagement with thethread of the shaft The pin 67 however, holds the threaded portion 69 inengagement with the shaft 33 as long as its cylindrical face is incontact with the member 64, as in Figure 4. W hen the pin 67 is turnedby manipulating th handle 68 so that the recessed face 671 is toward themember 6%, the latter is permitted to rock on the pin 66 and disengagethe threaded portion 69 from the shaft 33. Thus by simply swinging thehandle 68 to one position or the other, the tool carriage may be made tofeed automatically along the shaft 33 or not, as desired. The thread-ving tool 70 is adjustably fitted into a ably shaped groove cut in a lug71 formed. [as the lower end of tl e tool 7 O is ground off in thecourse of sharpening the edge thereof. it may be adjusted to compensatefor the portions. ground away,'the tool being fixed in position as byone or more set scews 72. As shown in Figure 1, the thread tool 70 ispreferably disposed in ponearly tangential to the Wei substantially inthe usual radi position. This facilitates accurate ad usr ient of a toolwhich has been removed for "nenin and is an important feature in thistype which is intended for use on the field and to be operated byworkmen engaged in conduit laying, who may be unskilled in adjustingmachine 3a l Hence the arrangement of the cutting tool is designed tominimize the effect on the work of errors of adjustment of the tool. hena tool is held radially of an error of adjustment will result inr:error'of equal magnitude in the radius of the finished work. Where thetool is disposed tangentially or nearly so, it easy matter to bring thecutting edge up to a certain line on the support (such edge ofthe'groove 37 as shown l), and an eror of adjustmentsucn might beexpected from careless or unskillful handling would result in arelatively S Cl C ca in the cutting head block 35 and in the side smallerror in the diameter of th finished work. A squaring tool 73 ispivotally sup ported as by a lag bolt 74 against a side of the lug 71.When the squaring tool is in the position shown in Figure 6, it isinoperative and is clear of the cutting edge 740 of the threading tool70. When it is desir square the end of the work, the tool carria e isretracted from the work sufficiently to space the threading tooltherefrom, and the cutting end of the squaring t- 3 is outwardly bymanually pusl the upper FY I tool into operative position. pressure ofthe w against ti ing the operation of cuttn the tool in operativeposition, outward swing of the cutting end being limited by theengagement of the opposite end 76 against the face of the block 61. Tochange back to the threadin: operati n, is necessary merely to push thecutting end of the squaring tool inwa ly to the position shown in Figureand n .r to adjust the tool carri go toward the work to bring thecutting edge 7&0 of the t reading tool into operating relation thereto,this relation bein determined previously described by the position ofthe micrometer head'58.

Feeding mechanism supported by the shaft 33 which is ournaled members 81of the housing 34. The iii, gear 80 is coaxial with quill 4a. Since theblock 35 is adjustable toward and from the axis of the quill a l on thearm 36 the housing 34 and the gear 77 must al's o be capable ofdisplacement relative to the gear 80. Gears 78, 79 are thereforeprovided to connect the gears 77 and 80, and are supported by studsjournaled in the sides 81 of the housing 34. This train of gearsmaintains an operative connection between th shaft 33 and fixed gear 80in any adjusted position of the housing 3%, the limiting positions ofwhich are indicated by full and dotted lines in Figure 7. In order tokeep the gear 79 in mesh with the gear 80 in all the positions of thehousing relative to the latter, a pain of arms 83 (Figures and l 15) areprovided to pass around. the pinion 80 at either end thereof and extendaround the stud supporting the pinion 79. These arms retain the axis ofthe pinion-79 at a fixed distance from the axis of the pinion 8Opermitting the rotation of the former about the latter. A suitableelongated opening 84 is cut in each side plate 81 to allow for themotion of tl e housing r' tive to the boss oi the arm 36 whih passestherethrough. Pivoted cover plates (not shown) may supplied to closelyto the boss 43 to keep the elongated opcrr ing 84 closed against theentrance of dust and chips.

lVhen the machine is used to and square the end of a tube, only arelatively small amount of feeding of the tool earl iage is ordinarilydesired. For the squaring operation therefore the carriage isdisconnected from the feed screw 83 and is advancec by the hand feedmechanism 60 which coinprises a head 601 which is bored and threaded toreceive a screw 602. The latter is pivoted as at 603 between a pair ofcars (30-ii 'ormed on the block 61. Suitable ball and spring devices 605may be employed to tain the head 601 in its operative or inoperativeposition, the latter being indicated by dotted lines in Figure When thesquaring tool 73 is trimming the end of a tube, the reactive thrust fromthe pressure of the tool against the work tends to move the riage to theleft (as in Figures 4 and The position of the carriage on the stud .59is thus determined by the head 601 which abuts the block 35. in theoperation of the machine, each time the tool carriage makes a revolutionabout the work, the head 601 is given a turn by hand to move the carrage to the right and slice oil a little more from the end of the tube.

Chuck holder Referring to Figures 15 to 18, a spindle 85 is journaled inthe quill To one end of the spindle is secured a hand wheel 860 having aseries of peripheral recesses 870 to receive a tool for setting up thewheel. The opposite end portion of the spindle is notched and isprovided with right and left hand screws 87 and 86. On these screwportions are threaded a pair of nuts 88, 89 having tapering portions andcastellated reduced portions 90, 91 for inter-engagement to preventrelativerot-ation of the nuts. The end of the nut 89 which abuts theouter end of the quill 44 is also castellated to engage complementaryprojections 92 on the end of the quill 44. Since the quill is fixedagainst rotation, both nuts are thus likewise fixed against rotation, sothat rotation of the spindle 85 will result in an axial motion of thetwo nuts toward or away from'each other. The tapered portions of thenuts are adapted to support the ends of an expansible chuck 30 asindicated in Figure 14. The chuck may be secured against rotation by akey 94 set into the nut 89. It will be ap parent that motion 01 the endstoward each other will force the end portion of the chuck 30 to ride onthe inclined face of the conical portion 88, 89, and will thus result inthe expansion of the chuck. Since the motions of the complementary endsare equal and opposite, there will be no resulting axial movement of thechuck itself or of the work thereon when the ends are moved.

In order to replace a chuck by another 01 ditlerent size to accommodatework of difcrent size, it is necessary to move the end nut 88. This isdone by first removing a lag lolt 96 and washer 95 which are secured to1 end of the spindle 85 to prevent the nut 8 from coming offaccidentally. The nuts related on the spindle 85 that when they are inthe limiting positions apart, their castellated portions 90, 91 willjust clear each other, thus permitting the nut 88 to be unscrewed andremoved from the end of the die Then the nut 88 is replaced on e, mustbe screwed 011 to a point where the complementary portions 90, 91 lopposite each other in position to be In order to insure the nuts beingthe proper relative position, suitable slots 97 may so cut in theperiphery of each nut in such a way that when the slots in the two nutsare in l the complementary portions of 90, 91 will also be in line. Tofacilitate in r ligning the slots 97, a bridge gage 98 is urovidedadapted to extend around any chuck Map "h may be between the nuts and toon in a pair of the slots 97. When the slots are thus aligned, thespindle 85 is turned by manipulating the hand wheel 86, thus at oncebringing the portions 90, 91 into engagement. In order to protect theinter-engaging portions between the two nuts and the end of the quill,dust sleeves 99, 100 may be provided. These are preferably secured forconvenience to the nut 89, but may be instead held loosely in place orsecured to any of the other parts covered.

In order to hold the machine in any desired position for the purpose ofadjusting the cutting head or any of the other adjustable parts, a pin101 may be provided to extend through the housing 82 of the drivinggears and to fit in between any two successive teeth of the gear 48. Inorder to prevent this pin from being completely retracted from thecasing and thus being in danger of being lost, the head thereof ispreferably slotted as at 102 to receive the end of a retaining piece 108which is arranged to allow sufiicient retraction of the pin 101 to clearthe teeth of the gear 48, but not to be removed from the casing 82.

In place of the threading and squaring tools which have been described,other shaping tools may obviously be employed, it desired, to operate onan end of a tube either inside or out. Since the interior surface of thetube is accurately centered with respect to the axis of motion ofthetool carriage,

the cutting of any tool supported thereby will be coaxial with theinterior surface. Thus a conduit comprising tubes which have beenthreaded and squared on this machine will have a smooth interior surfacewhich is substantially continuous, the interior edges of the abuttingends of successive tubes being flush with each other.

In operating the machine for threading and squaring, the operator turnsthe hand wheel 86 t retract cnuck 30 by moving the nuts 88, 89 away fromeach other. The end or a tube is then slipped over the chuck, the latterbeing thereupon expanded to grip the interior surface of the tube andhold it firmly in place. If it is desired to cut the thread beforesquaring, the tool carriage is slid along the stud 59 until the threadcutter is opposite the end of the tube. The micrometer head 58 isadjusted to desired position and the nut 40 is loosened to permit thecutting head block to slide along the arm 36 until it contacts with thehead 58.

the

The nut 40 is then set up tightly, the carriage 61 is connected with thefeed shaft 38 by manipulation of the handle 68, and the locking pin 101is withdrawn from between the teeth of the gear l8. Operation of thehand crank 50 causes the tool 70 to cut a smooth accurate thread as thetool carriage is swung around the axis of the work with every turn ofthe hand crank. During the cutting, the carriage is moved along the stud59 by the feed screw 33.

WVhen the tube is to be squared, the carriage is disconnected from thefeed screw and the feeding device 60 is swung into operative position.The'nut 40 is loosened to permit the retraction of the cutting headoutwardly. The Gutter 73 is swung into operative position by pushing itsend 76 in with the thumb, the cuttin head is moved along the arm 36 tobring the cutting edge opposite the end surface of the tube wall. Thefeed block 601 is turned to bring the out ting tool in contact with thework, and the hand crank 50 is turned. At each turn or two, the operatorturns the block 601 with his free hand to advance the carriage slightlyalong the stud 59.

Having thus described an embodiment of my invention, it should beevident to those skilled in the art that many changes and modificationsmay be made therein without departing from its spirit or scope asclefined by the appended claims.

I claim 1. In a machine of the class described, a stationary standard,means mounted on said standard for holding the work in fixed position, amember carried by said'standard revoluble about the axis of the work, astud carried by said member and radially adjustable relatively to saidaxis, said stud being disposed in parallel relation to said axis,

a tool carriage slidably supported by said stud and revoluble therewithabout the work, a feed screw disposed in parallel relation to said studand engageable by said tool can riage,andmeans for rotating said feedscrew continuously as the tool carriage is revolved about aid axis. v

2. In a machine of the class. described, means for holding the work infixed position, a tool carriage, and means actuable to move the toolrarriage in. a helical path about the work, said actuable. meanscomprising a crank arm mounted to revolve about the axis of the work, ablock mounted on said arm and adjustable longitudinally thereof, asupporting stud for said tool carriage on which the carriage is adaptedto slide, said stud bein 'secured to said block and disposed parallel tothe axis of the work, a feed screw shaft engaging said tool carriage, .a

fixed gear concentric with the axis of the work, a gear'on said screwshaft mounted for planetary motion about the fixed gear, and means formaintaining driving connection between the fixed and shaft-carried gearsin all positions of adjustment of said block.

3. In a machine of the class described, means for holding the work infixed position, a tool carriage mounted for adjustment toward and fromthe axis of the work, means actuable to revolve the carriage about thework, and means for feeding the carriage axially of the work as it isrevolved, said feeding means comprising a fixed gearconcentric with theaxis of the work, a feed screw shaft, engaging the tool carriage, a gearfixed to said screw shaft, intermediate gearing connecting said fixedand shaft-carried gears, and meansfor keeping all said gears in mesh inallpositions of adjustment of said tool carriage.

4. In a machine for squaring and threading conduit, mechanism includinga tool adjustably fixed on said carriage, a squaring tool mounted to bemovable relatively to the carriage into and out of operative position,and means actuable to revolve said tool carriage around the work. V

5. In a machine of the class described, a tool having a longitudinalface extending substantially the length of the tool and terminating in acutting edge, a tool carriage, means for adjusting the tool carriageradially of the work, and means for adjusting the tool while maintainingsaid face in a plane substantially tangent to the work.

6. In a machine of the class described, a tool carriage, a' tool havinga longitudinal face extending substantially the length. of the tool andterminating in a cutting edge mounted in said carriage, said face beingin a plane substantially tangent to the work, and means for adjustingthe tool longitudinally of itself in said carriage.

a tool carriage, thread-cutting 7. In a machine of the class described,a tool carriage, means for revolving said carriage about the work, meansfor adjusting said carriage radially of the work, a tool having alongitudinal face extending in the direction of the length of the tooland terminating in a cutting edge mounted in said carriage, said facebeing'in a plane substantially tangent to the work, and means foradjusting said tool longitudinally of itself in said carriage.

S. The method of adjusting a tool having a longitudinal face terminatingin a cutting edge, which comprises mounting it with said face in a planesubstantially tangent to the work, and adjusting the tool longitudinallyof itself to aline the cutting edge with a line of'reference extendingradially of the work.

9. In a machine of the class described, a standard, means carried bysaid standard for holding the work in fixed position, and vmeans alsocarried by said standard actuable to revolve a tool about the work in ahelical path coaxial with the work, said revolving means comprising aradial arm revoluble about the axis of the work in a plane perpendicularto the axis, a tool carriage mounted for longitudinal adjustment on saidarm, means actuable to revolve said arm, and means for feeding saidcarriage and tool longitudinally of the work during the revolution ofsaid carriage and tool aboutithe work.

10. In amachine of the class described, astandard, means carried bysaidstandard for holding the work in fixed position, a radial armcarried by said standard and mounted for revolution about the axis ofthe work, said arm being held against axial movement along the work, atool and tool carriage carried by said arm and revoluble therewith aboutthe work, and means for feeding the tool and carriage with respect tosaid arm in an axial direction. during the revolution thereof.

11. In a machine of the class described, means for holding the work infixed position, a radial-arm mounted for revolution about the axis ofthe work, said arm being held against axial movement along the work, a.tool and tool carriage carried by said arm and revoluble therewith aboutthe work, means for feeding the tool and carriage with respect to saidarm in an axial direction duringfthe, revolution tnereof, saidv feedingmeans including a crank and handle, and a standard supporting the entiremachine and located between the work-holding means and said crank.

Intestimony whereof I have afiiXed my signature.

HOWARD PARKER,

